What People With Type 1 Diabetes Really Think About Inhaled Insulin

Inhaled insulin (Afrezza) has been available for over a decade, but many people with Type 1 diabetes still know little about it. A new real-world study from the T1D Exchange Registry offers a fresh look at who uses it, how they use it, and whether it actually makes a difference in their daily lives.

Researchers surveyed 151 adults with Type 1 diabetes or latent autoimmune diabetes (LADA) who have used or currently use Afrezza. The group included 89 active users and 62 people who stopped using it. A striking 96% of respondents also use a continuous glucose monitor, suggesting that inhaled insulin users tend to be engaged in intensive diabetes management. Most reported strong glucose control, with 77% saying their A1C fell below 7%.

When asked what matters most about continuing with Afrezza, current users overwhelmingly pointed to one thing: it works. On a 5-point scale, perceived effectiveness in lowering glucose levels ranked highest at 4.8 out of 5. Beyond glucose control, current users reported noticeably higher quality of life ratings compared to those who had stopped using the medication. The difference was substantial—current users averaged 4.3 out of 5 on overall quality of life, while past users averaged 3.5.

Despite positive experiences among active users, many people abandon Afrezza. The most common reason? Money. Among people who quit, out-of-pocket cost ranked as the leading factor for discontinuation at 3.4 out of 5 importance. This suggests that financial barriers—not efficacy problems or usability issues—are what push people away from the medication.

This study reveals a gap between what works and what people can actually access. Afrezza appears genuinely useful for people who can afford it and integrate it into their diabetes routines. Yet cost remains a substantial hurdle. For anyone considering inhaled insulin, this research shows real people find it valuable—but it also confirms that navigating insurance, patient assistance programs, and financial support is essential before starting.

Source: The science of diabetes self-management and care. Evidence type: PubMed indexed literature. Type1Cure is an information and intelligence hub, not a medical advice service. This article summarizes published research and does not provide diagnosis, treatment, or personal medical guidance. Always talk to your own care team before changing anything about your Type 1 diabetes management.